Commercial Leases/Business Goodwill

Under the terms of Article R. 145-23, para. 3, of the Commercial Code, the competent Judicial Court is that of the location of the building, in accordance with the principle set out in Article 44 of the Code of Civil Procedure . In the event of the jurisdiction of the Commercial Court, common law prevails, and Articles 42, para. 1, and 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure apply, according to which “t …

Territorial jurisdiction

Under the terms of Article R. 145-23, para. 3, of the Commercial Code, the competent Judicial Court is that of the location of the building, in accordance with the principle set out in Article 44 of the Code of Civil Procedure . In the event of the jurisdiction of the Commercial Court, common law prevails, and Articles 42, para. 1, and 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure apply, according to which “the territorially competent jurisdiction is, unless otherwise provided, that of the place where the defendant resides,” or “in contractual matters, the jurisdiction of the place of actual delivery of the item or the place of performance of the service.”

It is, however, possible for the parties to derogate from the provisions of Article R. 145-23, para. 3, of the Commercial Code by inserting a jurisdiction clause in the commercial lease. Indeed, it does not follow from the provisions of Article L. 145-15 of the Commercial Code that a clause overriding the territorial jurisdiction of the location of the building provided for by Article R. 145-23, para. 3, is deemed unwritten . The Paris Court of Appeal confirmed this principle by validating the referral to the former Judicial Court of Paris by the lessee, under a lease clause granting jurisdiction to the courts of Paris, despite the premises being located in the department of Hauts-de-Seine . However, the territorial jurisdiction attributed to the Judicial Court of the location of the building is a matter of public policy, and no clause can derogate from it when only one of the parties is a merchant .

Cass. 3e civ., 13 October 2021, LawLex202100005947JBJ.

CA Aix-en-Provence, 6 May 2008, LawLex202400000112JBJ.

Commercial Leases/Business Goodwill

341. Territorial jurisdiction

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341. Territorial jurisdiction

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Les décisions de justice citées dans ce paragraphe :

Les notions juridiques connexes

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