European Competition Law
Auteur : Louis Vogel
Sommaire de l’ouvrage
General Introduction
Part 1: Introduction
Title 1: Field of application
I: Restriction of competition
A: Agreement
1°: Concept of decision
3°: Complying with decisions taken by the association
C: Concerted practices
D: Complex infringements
E: Evidence of concerted action
III: Several undertakings
Section 2: Limits of the prohibition
Chapter 2: Applications
Title 3: Abuse of dominant position
Title 4: Impact of intellectual property rights
Part 3: Procedure
Part 4: Mergers
Part 5: State aid
51. Form of the association of undertakings
1 minute de lecture
The fact that a decision - a unilateral act - comes from an “association of undertakings”, i.e. a grouping of independent economic entities is enough for collusion to be inferred. The legal form of the association is irrelevant in that respect . Thus, a banking group remains an association of undertakings, even after its IPO, insofar as the banks continue to participate collectively and in a decen …
